Asian Journal of Research in Cardiovascular Diseases

A Comprehensive Epidemiological Study to Unveiling the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases in Bangladesh

Moshiur Rahman

Department of Public Health, First Capital University of Bangladesh, Chuadanga-7200, Bangladesh.

Sazin Islam *

Department of Public Health, First Capital University of Bangladesh, Chuadanga-7200, Bangladesh.

Sharmin Akter

Central Medical College, Cumilla-3500, Bangladesh.

Md. Shariful Islam

Department of Public Health, First Capital University of Bangladesh, Chuadanga-7200, Bangladesh.

Mst. Sharmin Sultana Soby

Department of Public Health, First Capital University of Bangladesh, Chuadanga-7200, Bangladesh.

Sarmin Siraj Sormy

Department of Public Health, First Capital University of Bangladesh, Chuadanga-7200, Bangladesh.

Md. Milon Ali

Department of Public Health, First Capital University of Bangladesh, Chuadanga-7200, Bangladesh.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

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Abstract

Objective: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a growing global health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This comprehensive epidemiological study aims to assess the prevalence, risk factors, disparities, and healthcare infrastructure related to CVDs in Bangladesh.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, with a sample size of 3850 individuals. Data on CVD prevalence, risk factors, socioeconomic determinants, and healthcare infrastructure were collected through structured interviews, physical measurements, and qualitative interviews. Chi-square tests were used to assess associations, with p-values <0.001 considered statistically significant.

Results: The study revealed a significant rise in CVD prevalence in Bangladesh over the past decade (2010: 7.2%, 2015: 8.5%, 2020: 10.1%). Smoking, hypertension, diabetes, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and obesity were strongly associated with CVDs (p < 0.001). Socioeconomic disparities were evident, with lower-income, less-educated, and rural individuals at higher risk. Healthcare infrastructure challenges included uneven access to specialized care.

Conclusion: The study highlights the escalating burden of CVDs in Bangladesh and underscores the importance of addressing modifiable risk factors, reducing disparities, and strengthening healthcare infrastructure. Comprehensive interventions, informed by this research, are essential to combat the CVD epidemic and improve population health in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, prevalence, risk factors, socioeconomic disparities, healthcare infrastructure, Bangladesh

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